[Sobanukirwa]: Ese SIM Card ikora ite?

Muraho basomyi ba ktimez, Birashobokako cyane ko uyikoresha buri munsi , Nyamara umuntu akubajije uko ikora , bishobora kuba byakugora cyane kugira ubashe kuba wamusobanurira uko ikora, simvuze ibijyanye na Physics hano, ibyo mvuze haruguru nibijyanye na SIM Card yawe, ako ga chip gato kari muri telephone yawe, gashobora kuba gafite umabara atandukanye umutuku n’umweru kubakoresha Itel ndetse nagasa numuhondo kubakoresha MTN.  Uyu munsi rero tugiye kurebera hamwe uko SIM Card ikora.

SIM Card yavumbuwe ryari?
SIM Card yavumbuwe ryari?
SIM Card yavumbuwe ryari?

Mbere nambere ese waba warigeze wibaza icyo SIM Bisobanuye mumagambo arambuye ?

SIM mumagambo arambuye ni Subscriber Identity Module cyangwa Subscriber Identity Module. Ugereranije ni  module ishobora kuba yatandukanya abafatabuguzi . Tuvuye kubyo SIM mumagambo arambuye icyo aricyo ushobora kuba wahise cyangwa waribajije uti ese ni ryari SIM card yambere yaba yarakorewe ndetse ikanakoreshwa n’umuntu?

SIM Card yambere rero yaba yarakozwe bwambere mu 1991 na sosiyete yo mu Budage izwi kwizina rya  Giesecke and Devrient. Muri icyo gihe bakaba barabashije kuba bagurisha SIM 300 kuri Radiolinja, Radiolinja, Akaba ari Kompanyi ikora ibijyanye nitumanaho (umuyoboro utagira umugozi) yo muri Finlande.

Tuvuye mu 1991 reka tugere mu 1992 muri uyu mwaka sociyete ya Giesecke and Devrient ikaba yarabashije kugurisha telephone igendanwa ya mbere ya GSM irimo SIM Card , iyo telephone yambere yagurishijwe irimo SIM Card akaba ari Nokia 1101.

Gusa muri iyi minsi biragoye cyane kuba wabona umuntu utarigeze akoresha SIM Card, kuberako kuri ubu hari ibikoresho birenga miliyaridi 8.9 kwisi yose bikoresha SIM Card biyifashisha kugirango bibashe guhamagara,kugira bibashe kuba byakohereza ubutumwa bugufi cyangwa kugirango bibashe kuba byakoresha murandasi(Internet).

Gusa abahanga bavugako uyu mubare ushobora kuziyongera ukaba uzagera kuri miliyaridi 30 mugihe cya vuba.

Ikigo cy’uburayi gishinzwe itumanaho (ETSI)  kiracyafite uruhushya rutanga uburenganzira ku ikorwa rya SIM Card(Patent) ni ukuvuga iracyafite uburenganzira bwo kuba yabuza abanda kuba bakora,gukoresha cyangwa kugurisha igihangano cyabo.

Kugeza kuri ubu rero uruganda rukora ama SIM card menshi kwisi akaba ari uruganda ruzwi kwizina rya Gemalto akaba ari uruganda rufite icyicaro I Amsterdam rukaba rufite abakozi barukorera bagera kubikumbi 15,   gusa ikindi wakamenye ni uko mugihe SIM card zambere zakorwaga imwe yashoboraga kuba yatwara idolari rimwe gusa ariko kuri ubu ikaba itwara amafaranga arimunsi cyane yidorari gusa ayo mafaranga yose itwara cyangwa yatwaraga mu ikorwa ryayo ntabwo icyo giciro cyabaga cyangwa kiba gikubiyemo Design no gushyira chip muri ya plastic ubona ndetse namafaranga atangwa mugihe ziva kuruganda zoherezwa ahandi.Ushobora gihita wibaza uti ese kubera iki nkeneye SIM Card?

Kubera iki Nkeneye SIM Card?
Kubera iki Nkeneye SIM Card?
Kubera iki Nkeneye SIM Card?

SIM Card ubwayo ifite amakuru yihariye cyane kuri yo nkumuyoboro witumanaho iherereyemo. Akaba aribyo bita IMSI: International Mobile Subscriber Identity. Iyi ID yihariye ihuza nimero yawe  na telephone yawe. Ni ukuvugako mugihe hari umuntu uhamagaye nimero yawe iryo hamagarwa rizajya kuri telephone ufite muri ako kanya. Gusa ikindi wanamenya ni uko SIM Card nayo igira ububiko(memory). Ubwo bubiko bungana na kilobyte 64 gusa nubwo ari buto rwose bushobora kuba byabikwaho abantu bagera kuri 250 na SMS nke. Gusa ubwo bubiko akaba aribwo bwari buri muri mudasobwa yayoboraga Apollo mugihe bajyaga mukwezi bwambere.

Gusa uko ubona iyo SIM Card yawe ishobora kuba yava muyindi telephone ntamananiza ibi byo ndakeka ntamuntu utari ubizi ko ushobora kuba wakoresha SIM Card imwe kuri telephone zitandukanye , ibi bikaba biba mugihe igikoresho cyawe cyagize ikibazo kandi muri icyo gihe ugikeneye kuba wakoresha nimero yawe kugirango ubashe kuba wahamagare ndetse no kohereza ubutumwa ukoresheje nimero yawe.

Ese telephone yanjye yakora itarimo SIM Card?
Ese telephone yanjye yakora itarimo SIM Card?
Ese telephone yanjye yakora itarimo SIM Card?

Igisubizo niki! Birashoboka cyane ko telephone yakora nta SIM card gusa dore ibyo yabasha kuba yakora ishobora kuba yakora nka Camera ifata amafoto na video,  cyangwa nkigikoresho kigufasha kuba wakoresha  WI-FI ariko ntabwo ushobora kuba wayikoresha wohereza ubutumwa bugufi cyangwa ngo ubashe kuba wahamagara, urebya telephone zose Ubundi zidafite SIM Card  akenshi abantu benshi bakunze kubigereranya nkokubona umuntu udafite ubwonko gusa ntabwo ariko mbibona kuberako hari ibintu ishobora kuba yagufasha nubwo nta SIM Card yaba irimo. Gusa andi makuru meza ni uko ushobora kwangiza telephone yawe,  ikameneka screen cyangwa ikaba yabura ikaburana irimo  SIM Card yawe . icyo biba bigusaba akaba ari ugukora SIM Swap ukaba wakongera kuba wakoresha SIM Card yawe. Ushobora kuba ugeza aha ukaba utarasobanukirwa uko SIM Card ikora reka noneho turebe neza uko SIM Card ikora.

Ese ni gute SIM Card ikora ?
Ese ni gute SIM Card ikora ?
Ese ni gute SIM Card ikora ?

Ubundi SIM Card yawe akenshi ifite igice kinini cya plastic. Akaba ari Plastic ifite chip nto iyiriho iyo chip nto iba irimbere akaba ariyo Microcontroller yayo ikaba ikozwe muri Silicon ikaba iriho Gold cyangwa utundi twuma utwo twuma akaba aritwo tuyifasha kuba yahiura na telephone yawe (kugirango habashekubaho itumanaho hagati ya phone na SIM Card).

Ako ga chip ubona gas ana gold rero kaba karimo processor, ububiko twabonye haruguru, ninzira zumutekano.

Telephone yawe ibasha kuba yasoma iyo chip mugihe ushize SIM Card muri telephone yawe, Telephone yawe nayo iba ifite operating System ishobora kuba yakorana na SIM Card uyishyizemo, ikaba yankora ibindi bintu twanabonye haruguru. SIM Card kandi nayo hari amakuru yingenzi bayishyiramo mugihe cyikorwa cyayo nkuko twabirebeye hamwe Ubundi nayo iba ifite ububiko bwayo ishobora kubikaho amakuru amwe namwe.

Gusa muri ayo makuru yingenzi aba ari kuri SIM Card harimo nka international Mobile Subscriber Identity  (Akaba ari umubare mpuzamahanga ubasha gutandukanya abafatabuguzi ba bitumanaho runaka)  na 128-bit key bita KI(Key identification or Mobile Network Authentication key). KI akaba ari 128 bit ikaba ikoreshwa kugirango ibashe kwemeza ikarita ya SIM kugira ibashe kuba yakoresha umuyoboro wa telephone.

Mbese wabifata nka username na password ukoresha kugirango ubashe kuba wakwinjira mwisi yabakoresha telephone zigendanwa.

Key zikore encryption na decryptions za messages nazo ziba ziri kuri SIM Card yawe. Ibi bivuzeko itumanaho riba rifite umuteno.SIM Card kandi igira andi makuru yihariye iba ibitse harimo nka PIN( ushobora kuba warigeze kwibaza icyo PIN mumagambo arambuye aricyo ni Personal Identity) akaba ari PIN ukoresha kugira ubashe kuba wafunga telephone yawe, SIM Card kandi ikaba ifite indi code izwi nka PUK iyi akaba ari code iva kubafatabuguzi bawe kugira ubashe kuba wafungura telephone yawe mugihe wibagiwe PIN wakoresheje mugihe wafungaga telephone yawe, n’ibindi.

Ese umuntu ashobora kumenya aho mperereye yifashishije SIM Card yanjye?
Ese umuntu ashobora kumenya aho mperereye yifashishije SIM Card yanjye?
Ese umuntu ashobora kumenya aho mperereye yifashishije SIM Card yanjye?

Urebye iki nikibazo kigendanye n’amabanga ndetse n’umutekano . uretseko no gurekerezako umuntu ashobora kuba yabona aho uherereye yifashishije SIM Card yawe uko yishakiye nabyo byaba ari ikibazo.

Nibyiza kuba wamenyako telephone yawe ushobora kuba wayibona mugihe yibwe cyangwa yabuze, kandi bikaba byafasha mugihe bigeze kuba wakurikirana abana ndetse nabantu bari muzabukuru.

SIM Card rero ishobora kuba yatuma abantu bamenya aho uherereye gusa icyo ugomba kumenya ni uko umuntu ubonetse wese atapfa kuba yamenya aho uherereye yifashishije SIM Card gusa.

Kuberako iyo ushyize SIM Card muri telephone yawe, tablet cyangwa Imodoka , warangiza ugacana telephone yawe akokanya SIM Card yawe ishaka umunara yakoresha kugirango ibashe kuba yabona Signal, uko ugenda ninako SIM card ikorana numunara uri hafi kugira ibe yabona network (Signal) ihagije. Iyo minara yose rero SIM Card iba yagiye ikoresha iba iri ahantu hazwi neza. Iyo Sociyete yitumanaho cyangwa Police bashaka kumenya aho telephone iri bakoresha Algorithms zabo kugira bamenya ahantu telephone yabashije kuba yabonera signal irihejuru bakabona kuba babasha guhera aho bashaka telephone yawe yibwe cyangwa yabuze.

Gusa hari service nka Find My Phone” ikoresha GPS , WIFI kugirango ibashe kumenya ahantu hihariye telephone runaka iherereye , gusa ibi byose bizabasha kuba byakora mugihe WIFI muri telephone yawe iri ON, ukanongeraho ko Service ya GPS nayo kuzaba iri ON, ibyo byose iyo wongeyehoko wemeje Find my phone , GPS  icyo gihe uzabasha kuba wabona neza neza aho itumanaho ryawe riherereye. Gusa nimba ushaka umutekano wawe birumvikanako ugomba kuba wa zimwa GPS, DATA, na WIFI. Muri icyo gihe ntamuntu uzabasha kumenya aho uherereye.

Ese SIM Card ishobora kuba yagira ikibazo?
Ese SIM Card ishobora kuba yagira ikibazo?
Ese SIM Card ishobora kuba yagira ikibazo?

SIM Card Nkibindi bikoresho byose waba uzi kuri iyi si bishobora kuba byakwangirika cyangwa kuba byavunika kandi burigikoresho cyose ntabwo kibaho igihe cyose, gusa SIM Card yawe nigira ikibazo uzaba uwambere wokubimenya, ni ukuvugako uzatangira kubona muri telephone yawe nta netwoek urimo gufata cyangwa hajemo emergency call gusa , mugihe wariwizeyeko SIM Card yawe arinzima.

Icyo gihe ntabwo uzaba ushobora kuba wafata kumuyobora wifatabuguzi ryawe ,. Ushobora guhita wibaza uti ese byagenda bite SIM Card yanjye iguye mumazi, amazi ntakintu nakimwe ashobora gutwara SIM Card yawe kuberako SIM Card ubwayo iza ifite ubwirinzi buhambaye kumanzi ni ukuvugako ntakintu nakimwe amazi ashobora kuba yatwara iyo SIM Card yawe iri muri telephone.

Kubera iki amakarita ya SIM Card arimo Agenda aba mato ?
Kubera iki amakarita ya SIM Card arimo Agenda aba mato ?
Kubera iki amakarita ya SIM Card arimo Agenda aba mato ?

SIM Card yambera yakozwe yari imeze neza neza nkikarita yawe waba ufite ya bank (ATM Card) , gusa muri icyo gihe yakoraga neza muri telephone zicyo gihe yakorewe, gusa nkuko tubiziko ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere kandi anariko ama telephone akorwa agenda aba mato cyane, na SIM Card rero zagiye zigabanye ingano zari zifite igihe zakorwaga bwambere, Tekereza gufata SIM card ingana na ATM Card ukaba wayishyira muri Samsung Galaxy cyangwa iPhone zirimo gukorwa muri iyi minsi ntabwo cyaba ari igitekerezo cyiza! Gusa rero SIM Card zagiye ziba nto anarinako zongererwa ubushobozi, SIM Card nto zatangiye kuba zajya hanze mu 2010 wakaba arizo zari zizwi nka Mini-SIM, nyuma yaho baje kubonako hari undi mwanya wa plastic wari uri kuri Mini-SIM udafite icyo umaze bamwe mubaguraga telephone nshya byabasabaga kuba bakata iyo plastic bifashishije umukasi cyangwase ibindi byuma rimwe na rimwe harubwo bayikataga nabi bigatuma SIM Card yabo idakora, akaba aribwo mu 2012 Nano-SIM zaje kuba zajya hanze nyuma yokubonako ama telephone mashya yose arimo gukora umwanya muto wokuba washyirwamo SIM Card.

Gusa kurubu urabiziko naw iyo ufite SIM Card ya Nano ukaba ushaka kuyishyira muri telephone ifite umwanya wa Mini-SIM akenshi nakenshi bitwara umwanya utari muto kugirango ubashe kuba wafatisha signal. Gusa ama sosiyete yitumanaho menshi kurubu iyo akugurishije SIM Card nshya baguha SIM Card ifite plastic ushobora kuba wakuraho ukanasubizaho bitewe na telephone ushaka kuba washyiramo iyo SIM Card.

Ahazaza ha SIM Card
Ahazaza ha SIM Card
Ahazaza ha SIM Card

Kuri ubu model nhya yaza Samsung na iPhone zishobora kuba zaguha igitekerezo cyahazaza ha SIM Card,Ni ukuvugako izi model za telephone zirimo gukorwa muri iyimyaka zerekana uko ama SIM Card azaba ameze mu minsi iri imbere. SIM Card zahazaza azaba ari “eSIM” bisobanuye embedded SIM Card.

Izo SIM card nubundi zizaba zingana nka Nano-SIM gusa ukuyeho plastic, hehe nokongera kuba wakata SIM Card yawe ngo ubashe kuba wayishira muri telephone yawe, gusa muri icyo gihe nta SIM Card nkizo dusanzwe dufite zizaba zihari ahubwo iyo chip izaba ijya kugira ingano nkiya Nano-SIM izaba ifite uburyo ushobora kuba imiyobora itandukanye yitumanaho kuri SIM Card imwe cyanwa ukaba wasiba ho iyo ushaka ndetse ukongeraho indi miyoboro ushaka bitagusabye kuba wagura indi SIM Card nshya.

Ibi bizaba aribyiza kuruhande rwabakora SIM Card ndetse natwe abaguzi .

Gusa kurubu nimba urim gusoma iyi nkuru wifashishije Samsung nshya cyangwa iPhone nshya nakubwirako ushobora kuba ufite umwanya wajyamo eSIM muri telephone yawe kuberako ama kompanyi nka Samsung ndetse na Apple muri telephone barimo gukora iyi myaka barimo kuzishyira hanze harimo uburyo 2 bwokuba wakoresha SIM Card , haba harimo umwanya wa SIM Card usanzwe ndetse n’undi mwanya wa eSIM ushobora kuba wakoresha kwifatabuguzi ryose waba wifuza.

Wakunze ibyo twaganiriyeho uyu munsi wakora share ugasangiza inshuti zawe ndetse nabandi , ndetse unafite ikibazo cyangwa igitekerezo watwandikira muri comment box.

 

 

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